Eco-modulation as a driver for eco-design: A dynamic view of the French collective EPR scheme

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) systems have been criticized to provide little incentive for producers eco-design. To this end, an scheme, called eco-modulation, based on modulated product fees according their level of eco-design has recently introduced. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis the introduction scheme as part collective EPR system in WEEE sector France and discusses impacts policy instrument design (direct effects) action innovation (indirect effects). From theoretical standpoint, we consider instruments our research complex mixes within adaptive policy-making, i.e. how these evolve over time adapt changing issues dynamics. In perspective, stress that, while eco-modulation shown direct impact, important indirect effects can be identified. We argue that framework conditions, is organized conducted practice, explain better occurrence such rather than itself. insights role Organizations (PRO) linking individual producer responsibilities organizing action. Moreover, it shows implementing requires intense dialog with stakeholders advance its acceptability, organization organize monitoring deployment, careful integration other coherent policy.